Showing posts with label Tyler Smith. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tyler Smith. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 16, 2011

Engineering Methodologies and Their Origins

The importance of becoming a global engineer could not be more emphasized than in the distinct differences found between American and Japanese engineers. The Japanese engineering method is highly based on an interest in success of the group rather than the success of the individual, as seen in the American model of engineering. What makes this so interesting to me is the motivational reasons that allow these unique methods of engineering to be successful. This is very intriguing because, as an engineer, I have learned we are looking at a very narrow scope of how engineering should be conducted. The following excerpt (found in the recommended reading section) clearly shows the reality of the different engineering methodologies,


“Such treatment is unthinkable for Americans. Some years ago I used a film from JETRO entitles “A Day in the Life of a Japanese Engineer.” In several scences, the “engineer,” explicitly identified as a college graduate, is seen helping production line workers repair or adjust equiment. He gets dirty and greasy with the men on the production line. A few students always reacted to this by questioning the authenticity of the film. Assurances to the contrary notwithstanding, they found such scene hard to believe.
Their expectations of an “engineering education” may be gleaned from a float in the Picnic Day Parade at U.C.-Davis a few years ago. The float featured a Mercedes-Benz. Stage money $100 bills had been inserted in the wheel covers. Engineering students in formal dress stood around the Mercedez and sipped champagne (more likely Budweiser). A sign on the side of the float said “Hard Work and Study Pays.” Even allowing for a certain amount of tongue-in-cheek humor, no survey of attitudes is needed to confirm the U.S. student perception that engineering is a route to high pay, not the factory floor.”

After reading this excerpt I found this very intriguing from the perspective of an engineering major in college. This particular section is very similar to my own experiences as an engineering major myself. Before picking my intended major in high school I was told by my friends, family and counselor that becoming an engineer would mean job security, prestige and most importantly (to them) a generous paycheck. This system of choosing engineering shifts the emphasis and motivatian to the individual and selfish gains rather than taking into account the group or society as a whole. From my experiences in high school and at this university the example above couldn’t be more true. We, the students, are constantly bombarded with statistics and figures of how much money each engineering major makes after leaving college and how important it is to the purpose of our college degree and we have even discussed this in ES 410. I have yet to read anything about the importance of contributing to society as one of the dominant images of attaining an engineering degree (or any degree for that matter) as seen in many of the readings about Japanese engineers.


At first, I thought both methods of engineering would work in the U.S. or Japan but after further readings and consideration at this point in time or the near future I don’t think it would be a possibility. The Japanese and U.S. children as a whole, and I am speaking generally for the sake of argument, are raised with a different mentality which translates to this difference in engineering ideologies. Every week the ICEX group volunteers at a nearby elementary school to teach robotics to 2nd graders to attempt to gain an early interest in engineering and specifically robotics. The second purpose and probably the most important is to get females and minorities involved in engineering before stereotypes set in and negatively influence them to stray from engineering. Each week we bring simple robots for them to play with and then hold a competition at the end of the class period. What I noticed as an outsider looking in was when a child won they would announce that they in fact were the winner or boast about beating someone else. This may seem very normal but that is not the case from what I have seen in Japanese sports. At a very young age Japanese baseball players are taught to love the sport from a group perspective (including both teams). When the game is over both teams are cheered for equally and it is common to not even remember the final score because there isn’t an emphasis on “winning” in the sense of who scored the most. The emphasis is on the sport and teams as a group rather than on the individual. A statement from another article articulates this point further,


“... the most important virtue is the striving for mutual harmony. In the company, the Japanese do not consider themselves as individuals but rather as a tiny part of a whole social system and they are very eager to look after the professional and personal duties that lead to the fulfilment of a perfect harmony. Defining themselves as part of a group does not make them feel unimportant, but rather comfortable and sheltered.”

I believe these ideals are what transfer to the dominant images of what it means to be an engineer in the U.S. and Japan. By learning about the Japanese engineering methodology and hierarchy, it is clear there is more than one way to create a system of successful engineers.My biggest question after reading this article still remains: Why are we not learning about this in our engineering classes (from a curriculum perspective)?

Wednesday, February 9, 2011

The History of Malta

Abstract

The long and unsteady history of Malta has shaped its culture into a unique blend of mainland European and Mediterranean influences. These influences have reached deep into what Malta is today and is evident in Malta’s economic, political, educational and religious values. As Malta has progressed throughout histories many twists and turns, it has been molded by many other civilizations and each contributing in its own way to the culture we see today. Keeping this in mind, it is quintessential to look at a broad spectrum of Malta’s history to fully apprehend this unique culture while playing close attention to how Malta was shaped by events that changed the world. In addition, this research based project of Malta’s history will be critical to the ICEX program and will allow the group to gain a wider scope of what it means to be a global engineer before ever setting foot in Malta.

Annotated Bibliography

1. Attard, Sonia, Peter Prictoe, Joseph Vella, and Alexander Borg. "HISTORY [aboutmalta.com]." AboutMalta.com – All about Malta and the Maltese Islands. Ed. Martin Debattista. 28 Aug. 2008. Web. 07 Feb. 2011. .

The website aboutmalta.com is an incredible resource ranging from women's rights to history in the middle ages. Many of the sub-articles written on this website are by technical writers, like Alexander Borg, who work for government agencies, increasing the website's credibility. However, some of the posts are based on one person's opinion but these articles are easy to spot and offer a good perspective on the way the people of Malta view their own country. What I am finding most useful is the related topics section ranging from: Art, folklore, government and politics, language, literature, religion and tourism. These articles offer a contemporary look at Malta's recent history and by looking at each of these related topics I will be able to piece together a more modern look of what it means to be Maltese. I think it is very useful when studying history to deconstruct how the people live now in order to see where it may have stemmed from in the past. This website will be vital to my connection between Malta's deep history and how that history has influenced the Maltese people today.

2. Grove, Dr Eric. "The Siege of Malta in World War Two." BBC - History - World Wars: The Siege of Malta in World War Two. BBC. 08 Sept. 2010. Web. 7 Feb. 2011. .

The BBC, or The British Broadcasting Corporation, is the largest broadcasting network in the world. This alone builds on its credibility as I doubt a large news network would intentionally alter historical facts. This article is a crucial component in understanding Malta's involvement in World War II. What really makes this article unique is that it is written from a British perspective. The Siege of Malta paints a picture of a tiny island struggling to stay afloat. Malta played a key role in the "Mediterranean campaign". If either the Axis or Allies controlled Malta, it was a huge leverage on trade routes in the Mediterranean and thus supplies to the ground troops on both sides. This article shows a dominant image of Maltese history because if the Allies did not succeed in defending this tiny nation, Malta would have been captured by the Axis powers, forever altering the course of Malta politically, militarily, and economically among many others.

3. Hardman, William. A History of Malta during the Period of the French and British Occupations. Ed. J. H. Rose. London, New York, Bombay, and Calcutta: Longmans, Green, and, 1909. Google Books. Longmans, Green, and CO. Web. 9 Feb. 2011. .

This book of history in Malta is very specific to the years between 1798-1815. As many of my other sources have covered the beginnings of Malta up to the 19th and 20th centuries, I think it is vital to include this narrow timeline of dates due to the intense history changing events that took place between these years. This article focuses on the period of the French and British occupations in Malta and these occupations directly influence the culture of Malta (among many other things). These specific years signify a great change in Maltese history by becoming occupied by the French and then immediately followed by the British occupation until the 1960's until they gained full independence. What I found interesting about this book, and most useful to my project, was the brief discussion on Napoleon in regards to Malta becoming prosperous as a result of Napoleon's conquests. Considering this book was written within 30 years of Napoleon's conquest and by a Maltese citizen, I think this would be a great addition to my resources and a unique view on Malta's history.

4. Olson, James Stuart, and Robert Shadle. Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism. New York: Greenwood, 1991. Google Books. Web. 9 Feb. 2011. .

The Historical dictionary of European imperialism gives a good overview of the main events in Maltese history. This source does not go into a deep explanation of each event but would be considered a timeline. This book is very helpful because it clearly defines the major events of Maltese history and moreover it shows which time periods were pivotal in the economic, political and military developments. In particular, and what I find most helpful about this timeline is the emphasis on 19th and 20th century history in Malta. This is far more relevant to our trip to Malta as these more recent historical events will probably hold more weight in shaping the countries outlook on subjects like politics, economics, education, morality and ethics. Although I am not directly researching these topics, an important aspect of these topics, and a question I can potentially help answer is, what aspects of Malta's history has shaped the way these topics have developed? Overall, this book will be very useful as a guide in which aspects of Maltese history play a prevalent role in Malta as we know it today.

5. Order of the Knights of Malta. 2005. Google Video, 16 Mar. 2007. Web. 8 Feb. 2011. .

The Order of the Knights of Malta radically shaped Malta in the 16th century CE. The Knights of Malta brought a new emphasis on religion and highly contribute to the Catholic dominated islands comprising the country of Malta. The almost 300 year influence by the Knights of Malta is surely worth exploring into further detail. This documentary not only highlights the Knights of Malta but also to the very beginning of when the organization was formed. Many of the defensive structures seen on the islands of Malta, specifically the Fort St. Elmo, in Valletta, the capital of Malta, were constructed as a result of the Knights of Malta. Aside from the increased fortifications, the Knights of Malta heavily influenced the styles of art to early Baroque as evident from the documentary. This documentary adds an enormous database of facts, pictures and depictions while incorporating the history of both before and after settling in Malta. I think this documentary adds a great deal to my research project because we will be dealing with many of the cisterns and structures in Malta and it is imperative that we understand the deep history of these structures and how they may have been introduced by these early settlers.

Thursday, January 27, 2011

Research Project: History of Malta

Edit: 01/31/2010 Pictures added

History of Malta -- interactions with other countries and cultures;

defining national moments; Mediterranean? European?; role of Catholic
church; architecture; etc. plus current population demographics

Maltese Demographics:
The country of Malta consists of the three inhabited islands
of Malta, Gozo and Comino although it should be noted that there are quite a few more
islands that are significantly smaller and uninhabited. The islands are formed from the high points of a land bridge between Sicily and Northern Africa.
Population: ~400,000 (extremely high population density at only 121 square miles)
Capital: Valletta (~half the population of Malta)
Religious affiliation: Roman Catholic 91-98%
Primary Ethnic Groups: Maltese with th
e seco
nd most population being British
Currency: The Euro (~1.36 USD: 1 Euro)
Current Maltese Flag:
(1) (2)


(3) (4)

The Maltese flag (1) was adopted September 21, 1964, the same day as Malta’s independence from Great Britain (2). The vertical white and red colors have their origins from the badge of the Knights of St. John (3)
When researching the Maltese flag, picture (4) came up on many occasions and you will notice the 4 white
arrows pointing to the center, a clear reference to the badge of the Knights of St. John(3).

Architecture:
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=FA3UPqX-b14

After watching the aerial fly-through of Vall
etta, the capital city of Malta, it is clear that some type of limestone dominates the architectural layout of the buildings. The buildings here are very monochromatic and demonstrate the Baroque style found in Rome, Italy. The Baroque styl
e is characteristic of high ceilings, minute details and the most common shape of choice is the oval. To demonstrate these styles please note the pictures below of St. Johns Co-Cathedral located in Valletta, Malta. This cathedral exemplifies the Baroque style and was built in the late 16th century following the establishment of the Knights of Malta.
















The Roman Catholic Church took to this style
of architecture due to its larger than life feel, creating an awe-inspiring display of craftsmanship commitment to the smallest of details.
With the peaceful takeover by the British at the onset of the 19th century, the style of architecture shifted away from the High Baroque style to a more “modern” style of neoclassical. Simply put, the lavish and dramatic architectural style of the Baroque era gave way to a more symmetrical, simple (by comparison), and calm architectural appearance of the neoclassical era brought from the British. One thing to note here is the differences are far more profound on the inside of the building as opposed to the façade or outside of the
building. To the untrained eye, these styles look similar but once you enter the building the architectural differences should become clear and distinct. A neoclassical example is provided below using the Rotunda of St. Marija Assunta (also referred to as “The Mosta Dome”) (5). This style is clearly an imitation of the world famous Pantheon of Rome, Italy (6).

(5) (6)















Sources:
Demographics
Flag Information
Architecture